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Biochemical conversion and biotechnology employ enzymatic and whole cell catalysis for pre-treatment and conversion of lignocellulose feedstocks. A key for this type of conversion is to identify enzymes and microorganisms that work at the same conditions (temperature, pH, inhibitor tolerance) to achieve optimal conversion with the least number of process steps. Consolidated bioprocessing technology, meaning that enzyme production, cellulose hydrolysis, sugar consumption and product generation are carried out by one microorganism  in a single reactor is not economically feasible but is currently under research.